The molecular and cellular basis for the function of the HIV-1 Vpu protein in the targeting of host antiviral and immune-modulatory factors

Stuart’s lab investigates the role of HIV-1 accessory proteins in the replication and pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS. These proteins modulate host immune responses and are essential for viral replication and spread in vivo. The HIV-1 Vpu protein counteracts the antiviral membrane protein Tetherin that restricts viral release and acts as an innate immune sensor. Vpu also targets other cell surface molecules involved in immune regulation, and appears to downregulate proinflammatory signalling through the NFkappaB pathway. Understanding the molecular and cellular basis of Vpu function and the relevance of its target molecules for HIV pathogenesis are the central aims of Stuart’s Fellowship.