Quantifying local health effects of fugitive methane and co-emitted pollutants due to local emissions from the Permian basin’s oil and gas operations

Methane is a major precursor to tropospheric ozone, a pollutant linked to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this project is to quantify the regional health impacts associated with methane (CH₄) and co-emitted pollutants in regions characterized by substantial oil and gas activity, such as the Permian basin in west Texas. Employing a newly developed emission-driven Earth system model (CESM2.2), this research will first simulate the lifecycle of methane along with its interactions with co-emitted species, constrained by both satellite remote sensing and surface air quality monitoring data. Next, we will assess the impact of methane on regional ozone levels and the associated direct and indirect health effects. Direct health impacts, including respiratory illnesses, will be quantified using established concentration-response functions. Indirect health impacts, such as excess heat, will also be assessed. The economic valuation of health effects will then be conducted. The scientific findings will facilitate the development of a "data-to-action" framework to be disseminated to local and regional stakeholders, as well as international policymakers, for enhancing methane mitigation strategies and regulatory initiatives. This project directly aligns with the Wellcome Trust's interest in characterizing the impacts of fossil fuel emissions on air quality and associated health risks.