Molecular basis of chromosome synapsis and genetic exchange in mammalian meiosis

Sperm and egg cells each contain 23 chromosomes, which combine upon fertilisation to achieve the full complement of 46 chromosomes that defines human life. These reproductive cells are produced by meiosis, in which the chromosome number is halved and genetic material is shuffled to enhance diversity. 

We aim to uncover how the elaborate chromosome choreography of meiosis is achieved by a series of integrated protein machines, including ropes and pulleys that drag chromosomes around the cell and a zipper that binds chromosomes together to enable genetic exchange. We will use biochemistry and structural biology to reveal how the ‘cogs’ of these machines work together at the most fundamental molecular level to ultimately achieve their remarkable cellular functions. 

Through this work, we will uncover how meiosis normally produces healthy sperm and eggs, and how it goes wrong in infertility and recurrent miscarriage, which affect 15% and 5% of couples, respectively.