Exploring the links between metallic cardiovascular device degradation and local biological functionality

Stents are commonly used for the treatment of occlusive atherosclerotic diseases (OAD). In-stent restenosis (ISR) has been seen to occur at a very high rate six months after implantation. This can have devastating effects including death. Braided stents or stents in an overlapped configuration are commonly used to bridge atherosclerotic legions. However, this introduces interfaces that are susceptible to tribocorrosion (formation of metal ions and nano-particles). While it is hypothesised that metal-ion release affects local principal resident cells of the blood vessel walls resulting in adverse remodelling, the mechanisms for this are still unclear. The influence of nano-particles has never been considered.

This project aims to investigate the role of NiTi/CoCr alloy degradation on the adverse remodelling of vasculature. Through the use of novel fretting corrosion, organ culture and bio-reactor methodologies, the role of metallic debris on local biological reactions and subsequent toxicity of debris will be determined.

We will uncover the role of metal degradation and the mechanisms behind inflammation and in-stent restenosis using a combination of novel methodologies.